・The essence of pensions, 1) pensions are not savings (savings for the future) but insurance (everyone prepares for future misfortune) (p30) households with 100% pension as income are 48.4% (p36), 2) they are neither self-help nor public assistance, but mutual assistance (= taking care of society as a whole) (p38); 3) pensions are the right to claim future goods and services (p46)
・What pensioners are interested in is not money, but consumption (food, entertainment, medical services, etc.), and the most important thing is how future products can be obtained, and there is no other method other than the method of operation using a levy system (p49), a system where a fixed percentage of that percentage is paid as an insurance premium from the salary of people working on active duty, and that insurance premium is paid as a pension. Pension payments are structured to slide into wages and prices, but this can be done because it is a levy system (p51)
・A pension is a separate account from the general account, and it is a special pension account formed by integrating several insurance businesses (4 welfare pension-related, 2 national pension-related) that existed before the war, and there are savings of about 190 trillion yen at the end of the Reiwa first year, and there is no deficit (p56), which is 4.9 years worth of pension benefits, for 3 years in America. There are almost none in Europe. However, since insurance premiums paid by the active generation are used as the source for pension benefits, pensions are being paid (p61)
・According to data from the National Cancer Center, the probability that a 40-year-old person will be infected over the next 20 years is 6.9%, a 70-year-old person is 31.7% over 10 years, and the ratio of an 80-year-old person getting infected from there is 56.6%. In reality, 1 in 2 people will get “cancer” is a story of people over 80 (p64)
・In terms of the relationship between generational benefits and burdens, those born in 1955 are 3.4 times the welfare pension (more payments than burdens), 2.3 times the national pension, and those born in 1975 are 2.4 times, 1.5 times (p65) (p65) where the burden is the amount one bears, but there is also a possibility that insurance premiums (which are half) borne by the country or company are also included in programs etc. (p69)
・The era when there was no public pension system was an era of “private support” where children took care of their parents, and the national pension system in which all citizens joined was established in 1961. People aged 70 and over are currently paying pension insurance premiums while supporting their parents (p67)
・Pension management (GPIF) has raised profits of over 100 trillion yen over the past 20 years, and there are negative years (p80)
・Spouses of salaried workers can also receive future pensions with insurance premiums paid by their spouse, so they will not be unpaid. Ninety percent of Japanese people who are required to pay pension insurance premiums will not be unpaid (p91). If you deduct exempt or suspended persons (5830,000 people) out of the total 67590,000 public pension subscribers, it becomes 1.25 million, and the real unpaid people are 1.85% (p94)
・If you think about it since 1970, the declining birthrate and aging population have progressed quite a bit, but during that time, various systems have been reviewed, and reforms have been carried out that can withstand such an era sufficiently (p108)
・When a pension scheduled to be paid in the future is not planned, it is called a pension obligation in the case of a reserve system; since corporate pensions are operated by a reserve system, debts occur in corporate pensions, but public pensions are different because they are levied. Benefits to current and future beneficiaries = current insurance premium income+future insurance premium income+national treasury contribution+pension reserve fund (p124) Whereas corporate pensions are deferred payments of salary, public pensions are social security systems (p125)
・GPIF's long-term management target is “nominal wage increase rate + 1.7% (spread).” The nominal management yield for the past 10 years is an average of 3,61%, and the nominal wage increase rate is 0.44%, so the real management yield = spread is 3.17%. This is larger than the spread (1,7%) that the Minister of Health, Labor, and Welfare is requesting GPIF to achieve (p133)
・It was decided in 1994 that the age to start payment of the fixed portion of the welfare pension would be gradually raised from 2001 to age 60 to 65, but this study itself began around 1980. Since it was changed from defined benefits to defined contributions due to the 2004 revision, it was not an insurance premium review (= financial recalculation) that was carried out every 5 years, but rather a “financial verification” that verifies whether pension finances are as originally scheduled (p139)
・The points of the 2004 revision are 1) raising the national treasury burden of basic pensions by 1/2, 2) implementation of financial verification, 3) implementation of financial verification, 3) the introduction of an insurance premium level fixed system (p140), raised by 280 yen each year, and fixed at 16900 yen after 2017, and since then it has not been raised or planned (p141), and since then it has been fixed (p141), so macroeconomic slides have been introduced and pension reserves are being used (p141)
・Reserve funds are generally multiplied by 100 years, and after adjusting benefit levels so that the current 4.9 years worth of savings are equivalent to 1 year's worth of expenses in 100 years, a financial outlook spanning roughly 100 years was created (p146)
・The American film (Sikko, 2007) depicts a society where self-help efforts and market universalism end up (p160)
・Of the employers, there are 20.9 million part-time or non-regular employees compared to 35.39 million people who work for regular employment. Of these, there are 10.5 million people who are not on welfare pensions, and this makes Oshiro extremely uneasy (p176)
・Currently, 1) working 20 hours or more per week, 2) monthly wages of 80,000 yen or more, 3) expected to work for 1 year or more, 4) companies that are not students, and 5) have over 500 employees are required to enroll in a welfare pension. This time, 3) and 5) have been revised to the law, 3) has been abolished, 5) will be lowered to over 100 people from October 2022 and over 50 people from October 2012, and if it becomes over 50 people, it is expected that there will be an increase of 650,000 people from now (p179)
・It is not possible to raise the pension payment start period in a short period of time; the period required to raise the pension from 55 to 60 years old is 20 years, and 32 years have passed since the increase from age 60 to age 65 was decided, but it's not over yet (p193)
・Deciding when to start receiving a pension should not be about profit or loss, but about what you should do with your life plan (p196)
