・In old textbooks, it was written that trade between Japan and China declined due to the suspension of envoys to the Tang Dynasty in 894, and national style culture flourished, but in reality, it only switched to a private sector basis. Envoys to the Tang Dynasty were an important diplomatic tool for measuring the gap with Tang in view of the international situation, but around this time they stopped because the Tang Dynasty declined and there was no threat; it was just a political area story, and the amount of trade did not drop (p23)
・In addition to silver as cash, Kublai's government issued a type of high-value banknote that guaranteed exchange for salt called “shiobiki.” The money flow was covered by “shiobiki,” which is a high-value banknote, ordinary banknotes, and silver. Then, a large amount of Song coins was left over, so they were exported to neighboring countries such as Korea, Japan, Vietnam, etc., so the economy improved in Japan as well (p24)
・As Song coins came in and the monetary economy penetrated, the value of land itself began to be measured on a scale called “money.” From the Muromachi period to the Sengoku period, the sukko system spread, and this was a system for evaluating the value of a territory controlled by a daimyo by the amount of copper coins that could be collected as a link from that land (p25). The Ming dynasty, which defeated the yuan, went into national isolation and stopped money production in the Omoto Urus period one after another and transitioned to the real economy, then from the late Muromachi period to the Sengoku period, Japan stopped entering money from China, and it became a state of deflation,” Poor money called “vita-sen” begins to be made all over Japan (p26)
・The reason for the change from the Kanko System to the “Ishitaka System” was that the level of money, the value of bitacens, and the degree of circulation of money varied from region to region. As for the ring, it was possible to evaluate it with an objective standard based on “how much rice can be harvested from this land” (p29)
・The three major reforms of Edo (Kyoho, Kansei, Tenpo) are all austerity and agrarian policies against the backdrop of the shogunate's financial difficulties, which means that the Edo Shogunate was not able to grow the market sufficiently just by using money (p36)
・In 1885, there was a shift to the silver standard system using silver as the standard for convertible banknotes, and in 1897 after the Sino-Japanese War, the price of silver fell around the time the silver standard system was introduced, so Japan's currency value also became cheaper (Matsukata Defre) export excess continued from 1882 to 1893 (p44)
・The ban on gold exports was lifted in 1930, and the yen was rounded up. Why was the export of gold prohibited until then? When World War I began in 1914, European countries stopped the gold standard system to prevent the money necessary for settlement of war funds from flowing out of the country, Japan also imitated it in 1917 to protect the time economy, and when America returned to the gold standard system in 1919, Germany, the British Empire, and France returned one after another. Japan lifted the ban on money during the global public period, then money flooded into Japan from around the world in search of gold, which is a stable asset, about 300 million yen flowed overseas, almost lost genuine currency that had been painstakingly saved in order to return to the gold standard system, and then became deflated (p47)
・Other than the Sino-Japanese War, there are a number of wars where the forces that opened the war began became a quagmire “will soon end,” World War I, or the Onin War in Japan. Even if they win, they should not start fighting without looking ahead to “withdrawal standards” when losses are mixed up or when battles are prolonged, and it is a war that includes post-war processing. This is because a company's new business is the same in competition with rivals (p55)
・National documents requesting trade many times from Mongolia reached the imperial court around 1268, but the Kamakura shogunate, where the Hojo family was in charge of mediation, did not respond properly. At that time, the shogunate shared roles in police/military power, and political/diplomacy; originally, mediation should be the answer, but after this era, there was the “Jokyu Rebellion,” where Emperor Toba challenged and defeated by force during the shogunate's visit to Korea, and the shogunate was confiscated Jito was placed in the manor, and the Rokuhara Tandai was placed in Kyoto to monitor mediation, and it became a national administration that controlled the east and west (p59)
・Although the Kamakura shogunate mainly placed samurai spread over eastern Japan, the royal family and aristocrats, centered on western Japan, still carried out politics at the imperial court, and there were also temple and shrine forces such as Enryaku-ji Temple and Kofuku-ji Temple, in other words, it was a decentralized system called the three major powers of the Imperial Court, the shogunate, and temples, but for the purpose of preparing for a defensive war against Mongolia, the power of the shogunate became superior to the Imperial Court, temples, and shrines, and their control power was higher using the Mongolian war machine You can think it's done (p63)
・Toyotomi Hideyoshi gathered 200,000 soldiers during the attack on Odawara in 1590, and huge amounts of food were needed for this, and he established territories under direct control called “Kurariji” all over the country, established territories under direct control, and collected nengu from that year on (p70)
・The Sino-Japanese War, where Japan fought against Qing and Russia over the Korean Peninsula, needs to be understood as part of the “Great Game,” which was a grand battle for hegemony between the British Empire, which was the largest maritime empire in the world at the time, and Russia, the largest land empire on the Eurasian continent (p77)
・This is an amendment to the so-called unequal treaty which led to the conclusion of the Japan-England Treaty of Commerce and Navigation by Mutsu Foreign Minister in 1894. At this time, part of customs autonomy and consular jurisdiction (extraterritorial jurisdiction) were abolished (p78)
・ Japan acquired railway experience in South Manchuria due to the Portsmouth Treaty of 1905, and the Kwantung Army was stationed in Manchuria to protect this quarantine. The Kwantung Army is a unit of the Japanese Army responsible for guarding Kanto (southern part of the Liaodong Peninsula) and the South Manchurian Railway (p85)
・The content of the Litton Report says, “Manchuria's sovereignty lies with China, and we respect the rights and interests of Japan, which was developed by simply investing funds. Therefore, it was a proposal to create an unarmed autonomous government that respects Japan's right of residence and trade area under Chinese sovereignty,” and requested “abandon your name, take your own hands, and do something here” in an attempt to peacefully stop Japan running wild (p89)
・Germany and the Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact in 1939, and the Japanese government was surprised by this, because Japan signed a Japan-Germany anti-communist agreement in 1936 and promised to contain the Soviet Union (p94)
・An all-out war is not determined only by the strength of the military; it is a war where the match is decided by the country's industrial strength and comprehensive strength. World War I was mainly a battle between Germany and England and France, but when looking at the production capacity of supplies such as iron and coal necessary for the war, the market share of England, France, and Russia were in conflict with the share of Germany, Austria, and the Ottoman Empire, but the game was decided by America entering the war (p98)
・Recent historical research has revealed that many of the policies and diplomacy that were once regarded as achievements of Prince Shotoku were probably actually promoted by Soga Umako (p107)
・In the Yamato administration established in the middle of the 4th century, initially the “Ili dynasty” with Emperor Sujin as its origin was based in the Yamato River basin, and then the “why dynasty” with Emperor Ojin as the founder held power based in the Kawachi region, but both dynasties declined, and the successor emperor built a new dynasty in 531, and this dynasty is thought to be the actual ancestor of the current emperor's family (p108)
・Soga Umako made full use of intellectuals to desperately think of a bill, and what he created there is the “12th floor of the crown” (which clearly states the rank and rank of officials) and “Section 17 of the Constitution” (a law that clearly states the order and morality that officials should protect) (p113)
・In recent research, the main policy carried out by Nobunaga was also carried out by other feudal lords in the Sengoku period, and there is a tendency that raises questions about its uniqueness, but no daimyo was able to take over the country, and what Nobunaga stood out for is that he applied a large grand design that “if you combine this and that, you can take the country.” Rational thinking, clear judgment criteria, consistent personnel management, and innovative economic policies apply as the current ideal boss image (p124)
・Unlike the other three major reforms, the “Ansei Reform” carried out by Masahiro Abe made efforts to promote human resources not bound by feudal clans or lineage, promote participation in the shogunate government, strengthen national defense, etc., and it was this reform in preparation for modernization that contributed greatly to Japan after that (p128)
・The “Kaidan,” which gives precepts to monks who have officially become monks, was allowed to make a fourth “kaidan” at Todai-ji Temple in Nara, Kanzeon-ji Temple in Kyushu, Yakushi-ji Temple in Shimotsuke, and Mount Hiei after Saicho's death (p155)
・In the Insei period, Shinto and Buddhism were syncretized (Japanese gods are actually Buddhist, the local Buddha of Kumano Hongu is Amida Nyorai, and the Shingu is Yakushi Nyorai), and the local Buddha of Kumano Hongu is Amida Nyorai, and the Shingu is Yakushi Nyorai. Yakushi Nyorai is the lord of the Eastern Joruri Pure Land, and Nachi is the Fudaraku Pure Land of the First Kanzeon Bosatsu, then if you go around the Kumano Sanzan (Kumano Hongu Taisha, Kumano Hayatama Taisha, Kumano Nachi Taisha), you will be able to experience all of the Pure Land (p161)
・In the middle of the Kamakura period, the theory of anti-Honjitsu came up, and it is said that Japanese gods are original, and Buddha and Nyorai are their personifications (p164)
・Ieyasu died in 1616, but the Prohibition of Christianity was passed on, Christian believers were converted to Buddhism, and all followers of a temple were required to prove that they were not Christians (temple petition system), and as a result, people were deprived of freedom of movement and bound to land (p172)
・The sect reform is the Japanese version of the Heresy Inquisition system, where residents from all over the country were tied to temples (land) by the parishika system, and once a year, they were made to declare that they were not Christians, and temples were now able to eat meals if they did the sect reform and ceremonial occasions without doing missionary activities to increase the number of followers, so Japanese Buddhism became funerary Buddhism (p175)
・Although there are differences in actual manors depending on the region, research has revealed that they were not established with donations from “below” by development lords; rather, they were often set as policies from “above” (p200)
・At the beginning of the samurai government, many people think of Minamoto no Yoritomo, but now the view that the first samurai administration in Japan was the Taira clan administration founded by Taira no Kiyomori is the mainstream (p202)
・Even though there were four public and six citizens in the Edo period, there are people who misunderstand that the land tax rate is as low as 3%, but 40% nengu has not been reduced to 3%, and the amount of nengu that has been taken until now “adjusted” so that it is 3% of the land price, so even if rice cannot be harvested, the tax can be eliminated every year even if it can be harvested (p211)
・The Japanese archipelago is called the three elements of the industrial revolution; it is almost impossible to obtain fossil fuels, iron, and rubber, it is necessary to rely on imports for everything, and it is not a country that can stand on its own without trade, so it cannot become “Japan First” (p258)
・The only way for America to win against the British Empire through trade with China is to open a trans-Pacific route. This is because when you cross the Atlantic Ocean, the ferry fare from New York to London is added. If we were to use the trans-Pacific route, Japan was the only transit point for trade, which means Perry's arrival was part of America's trade strategy with China (p275)
・Humans can only learn from “people, books, and travel.” By meeting various people, reading various books, and traveling to various places, you can feel the size and richness of the world. At the same time, you can clearly understand your own smallness and immaturity, and acquire humility (p288)
